Vascular access and closure management for electrophysiological interventions in 2025: a Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association and the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions of the ESC, and the ESC Working Group on Cardiovascular Surgery

Flavio Ribichini

Author

Philipp Sommer

Author

Heart and Diabetes Center NRW Bad Oeynhausen , Germany

Roland Tilz

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University Heart Center Luebeck , Germany

Jorge Toquero Ramos

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Iron Gate Majadahonda University Hospital Majadahonda , Spain

Stylianos Tzeis

Author

Alireza Sepehri Shamloo

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Tom J R De Potter

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Cardiovascular Research Center Aalst Aalst , Belgium

Chiara Valeriano

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Claudio Tondo

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Finn Akerstrom

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Borislav Dinov

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Salvatore Cassese

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Malcolm Finlay

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Dhiraj Gupta

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Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital Liverpool , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland

Josef Kautzner

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Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM) Prague , Czechia

Ignacio Fernández-Lozano

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Antonio Miceli

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Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio Hospital IRCCS Milan , Italy

Piotr Kulakowski

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Sotirios Nedios

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Katarzyna Malaczynska-Rajpold

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Royal Brompton Hospital London , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland

Luigi Di Biase

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Hemanth Ramanna

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Francesco Burzotta

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Roman Gottardi

Author