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Upgrade procedures of pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators require creative clinical decision making and careful planning that begins at the first implantation

EP Europace Journal

25 September 2026
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ESC Journals ARRHYTHMIAS AND DEVICE THERAPY Device Therapy

Contributors

Alexander H Maass
Alexander H Maass

Author

University Medical Centre Groningen Groningen , Netherlands (The)

Hessel F Groenveld
Hessel F Groenveld

Author

Michiel Rienstra
Michiel Rienstra

Author

University Medical Centre Groningen Groningen , Netherlands (The)

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