The new type 2 diabetes mellitus therapy: comparison between the two classes of drugs GLPR (glucagon-like peptide receptor) agonists and SGLT2 (sodium–glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors

Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents one of the most common chronic-degenerative diseases in modern society and is the cause of innumerable micro- and macrovascular complications that weigh on the national health system. Until a few years ago, there was no anti-diabetic drug that, in addition to lowering blood sugar, had an impact on cardiovascular risk in these patients. In this report, we will analyse the characteristics, contraindications, and evidence in favour of the use of two innovative categories of molecules that aim, for the first time in history, at controlling blood sugar levels and simultaneously lower cardiovascular risk in diabetics individuals: the glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists and the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.