Gender distribution in STEMI patients and how does it affect primary PCI performances

Type of funding sources: Private hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Jakarta Heart Center

Managing ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients was always challenging for Healthcare Professionals (HCP) to pursue time-sensitive treatment.1 Gender distribution among STEMI patients is always an interesting issue because it represents the disparity between men and women from multiple aspects. There is a higher proportion of interhospital transfers among men, but women with STEMI had a more severe clinical profile and longer Door-to-Balloon (DTB) times than men.2 In this study, we sought to evaluate gender-related differences in STEMI patients and how does it affect the performance of DTB in the hospital.

This is a single-centered retrospective observational study among STEMI patients which was treated by PPCI. Secondary data from the medical record were collected consecutively from April 2018 to January 2022 (46 months). We compared both gender in regards of their clinical profile and the performance of their PPCI (DTB). (Figure 1)

During 46 months period, the total population of this research was 880 patients. There were total 742 men (84.3%) and 138 women (15.7%). The mean age of the populations was 55 (49 – 61) years old and 62 (55 – 69) years old in men and women respectively (p<0.001). Women were most likely to present with late onset (>12 hours) STEMI than men (p=0.002). No significant different clinical condition between men and women based on the distribution of Killip class (p=0.991). There is no significant difference of PPCI performance (DTB being achieved) between genders. Male patients achieved DTB in 90 (75 – 130) minutes while female patients achieved DTB in 91 (74 – 136) minutes (p=0.946). (Figure 2)

Our study shows that the majority of STEMI patients underwent PPCI in our hospital were men. The incidence of STEMI differed significantly in the mean age of the two groups, with the mean age of the men being younger than the women. Although it does not affect the performance of DTB between genders, in the future it is necessary to evaluate the outcomes for both groups.