Essesment of short-term clinical outcomes in coronary artery disease patients after PCI on the background of low glycemic diet

Type of funding sources: None.

Accumulated data suggest that low glycemic index diet (LGID) improved several clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (ASCAD) after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) [1]. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of LGID on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with ASCAD.

The prospective, open label randomized study included 160 ASCAD patients collected within 2016-2019 years (Aged 38-76 years, mean age 58.2±12.0 years, male=48%). Patients were divided into 2 groups by 80 and assigned either LGID or routine recommended diet (RD). Patients were followed-up to three years after the PCI followed by stenting (medium 18.22±6.54 months) for the assessment of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). All data analyzed using STATA software.

At the follow up period mortality rate was higher in RD groups than LGID group (RR1.34, CI 95%, 1.025-1.85, P<0.05). MACE were significantly higher in Group II than Group I patients (RR 1.28, CI 95%, 1.018-1.76, P<0.05). During the follow up 7% of patients occurred ACS whereas 11% patients in RD group occurred ACS (P<0.05). Regarding the stent thrombosis, there were not observed statistically significant changes between groups (P>0.05). Target vessel revascularization were performed in 2.5% LGID group patients whilst 6.25% in RD group patients (P<0.05). Besides, target lesion revascularization was performed in 1.25% LGID patients whilst 3.75% RD group patients (P<0.05). When we analyzed clinical outcomes by gender there were not observed any statistically significant changed between men and women (P>0.05).

Low glycemic index diet had lesser risk of MACE than routine diet in the short-term period in patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease after PCI. Further studies are required with large amount of patients.