Association between early oral β-blocker therapy and risk for in-hospital major bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome: findings from CCC-ACS project

European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes

17 June 2022

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Abstract

AbstractAims

Information regarding β-blocker use and bleeding risk in patients on antithrombotic therapy in contemporary practice is limited. We examined the association between early (within the first 24 hours) oral β-blocker therapy and major in-hospital bleeds among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods and results

In the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS project, among patients without contraindications to β-blocker, we examined the association between early oral β-blocker exposure [users/non-users, dosing, and type (metoprolol vs. bisoprolol)] and major in-hospital bleeds. Of the 43 640 eligible patients, 36.0% patients received early oral β-blocker and 637 major bleeds were recorded. Compared with non-users, early oral β-blocker was associated reduced risks for major bleeds [odds ratio (OR): 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38–0.61] and in-hospital mortality (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.34–0.64) in multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models. Early oral β-blocker use associated reduction in major bleeding was evident both in high-dose (defined by metoprolol-equivalent dose ≥50 mg/day) users (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.33–0.68) and in low-dose users (metoprolol-equivalent dose <50 mg/day; OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.47–0.79). No significant difference was observed between metoprolol and bisoprolol in terms of reductions in major bleeding and mortality. Analyses based on inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighted regression adjustment and propensity-score matching yielded consistent findings.

Conclusion

In this retrospective study based on the nationwide ACS registry, among patients treated by PCI, in addition to a reduction in in-hospital mortality, oral β-blocker therapy initiated within the first 24 hours was associated with a reduced risk for major in-hospital bleeds.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02306616