Doppler Echocardiographic Measurements in Normal Chinese Adults (EMINCA): a prospective, nationwide, and multicentre study
European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging

Abstract
Currently, available Doppler echocardiographic reference values are derived mainly from North American and European population studies, which may not applicable to the Chinese population. We aimed to establish normal reference values of Doppler echocardiographic parameters in a nationwide, population-based cohort of healthy Han Chinese adults.
A total of 1394 qualified healthy subjects (mean age 47.3 ± 16.0 years, 678 men) were enrolled at 43 collaborating laboratories, 37 transvalvular flow and tissue Doppler parameters were obtained, and the impacts of gender and age on each parameter were analysed. Significant differences were found between men and women in 48.6% (18/37) of the parameters analysed, and among different age groups in 83.8% (31/37) of the parameters in men and in 86.5% (32/37) of the parameters in women.
Normal reference values of Doppler echocardiographic parameters were established for the first time in a nationwide, population-based cohort of healthy Han Chinese adults. Since most of these parameters differed by gender and/or age, reference values specified for gender and age should be recommended in clinical practice.
Contributors

Jianhua Wang
Author

Xiuzhang Lv
Author

Jun Zhang
Author

Ruoling Han
Author

Hongning Yin
Author

Ya Yang
Author

Gui-Hua Yao
Author

Mei Zhang
Author

Li-Xue Yin
Author

Cheng Zhang
Author

Ming-Jun Xu
Author

Yan Deng
Author

Yan Liu
Author

You-Bin Deng
Author

Wei-Dong Ren
Author

Zhi-An Li
Author

Hong Tang
Author

Quan-Bin Zhang
Author

Yu-Ming Mu
Author

Li-Gang Fang
Author

Jun Yang
Author

Yulin Wei
Author

Qichang Zhou
Author

Ying Wu
Author

Yanna Liu
Author

Di Xu
Author

Donghai Gao
Author

Jiawei Tian
Author

Shuzhen Xu
Author

Zhenglan Che
Author

Ji Wu
Author

Shicheng Qin
Author

Xiaojing Ma
Author

Mingxing Xie
Author

Xianhong Shu
Author

Weiqiang Kang
Author

Jianjun Yuan
Author

Jinguo Li
Author

Li Zhang
Author

Yang Zhou
Author

Jian Wang
Author

Caiyi Zhu
Author

Yunchuan Ding
Author

Baifang Shi
Author

Bowen Zhao
Author

Kunxia Guo
Author

Qi Zhou
Author

Kun Sun
Author

Haitao Ran
Author

