Intravenous administration of nicorandil immediately before percutaneous coronary intervention can prevent slow coronary flow phenomenon

To determine the effect of intravenous administration of nicorandil on slow coronary flow (SCF) phenomenon in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

In a preliminary study, 6 mg of nicorandil showed optimal efficacy for vasodilatation without causing significant haemodynamic instability. In the main study, a total of 408 patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous administration of 6 mg of nicorandil immediately before PCI. The number of patients in the nicorandil group was 206 [acute coronary syndrome (ACS): 47, non-ACS: 159] and that in the control group was 202 (ACS: 61, non-ACS: 141). Nicorandil significantly decreased the incidence of post-procedural SCF phenomenon in both the ACS and non-ACS groups. The rate of target vessel revascularization (TVR) was significantly lower in the nicorandil group than in the control group in ACS patients.

Our simple procedure prevented SCF phenomenon not only in patients with ACS but also in patients with non-ACS without any adverse effect. Additionally our procedure reduced the rate of TVR in patients with ACS.