Intensity versus duration of walking, impact on mortality: the Copenhagen City Heart Study

Current recommendations prescribe that every adult should accumulate 30 min or more of moderate-intensity physical activity in leisure time, preferably all days of the week. To further support these recommendations we examined the impact of walking intensity and walking duration on all-cause mortality.

Relative intensity and duration of walking were recorded in 7308 healthy women and men aged 20-93 at the third examination (1991-1994) of the Copenhagen City Heart Study. During an average of 12 years of follow-up 1391 deaths were recorded.

For both sexes we found a significant inverse association between walking intensity and risk of death, but only a weak inverse association to walking duration. For women walking with average intensity, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of death was 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61–0.92; P < 0.01] and walking with fast intensity 0.48 (95% CI 0.35–0.66; P > 0.001) compared to women walking with slow intensity. For men the relative risks were 0.54 (95% CI 0.45–0.67; P < 0.001) and 0.43 (95% CI 0.32–0.59; P < 0.001), respectively.

Our findings indicate that the relative intensity and not the duration of walking is of most importance in relation to all-cause mortality. Thus our general recommendation to all adults would be that brisk walking is preferable to slow. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 14: 72-78 © 2007 The European Society of Cardiology