Advances in single-cell transcriptomics: unraveling the pathogenesis of calcific aortic valve disease

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized the study of calcified aortic valve disease (CAVD) by enabling the dissection of cellular heterogeneity, lineage differentiation, and intercellular crosstalk at an unprecedented resolution. It revealed original vistas into the mechanisms of CAVD and novel putative therapeutic targets. This review provides a narrative state-of-the-art overview of scRNA-seq applications in CAVD research, summarizing key findings on valvular cell populations, disease-associated phenotypic transitions, and molecular pathways driving pathological remodeling. Additionally, the translational potential of single-cell technologies in identifying novel therapeutic targets is discussed, as well as the current challenges and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.